Dr. Priyanka J. Hardikar

Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) infections encompass a range of conditions that affect these interconnected areas of the body. These infections can cause a variety of symptoms and may require different treatments depending on the specific type and severity.

Here’s an overview of the common types of ENT infections:

Ear Infections

1. Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear):

• Cause: Bacterial or fungal infection in the outer ear canal.
• Symptoms: Ear pain, itching, discharge, and hearing loss.

2. Otitis Media:

• Cause: Bacterial or viral infection in the middle ear.
• Symptoms: Ear pain, fever, fluid drainage, and hearing loss.

3. Labyrinthitis:

• Cause: Viral or bacterial infection of the inner ear.
• Symptoms: Vertigo, nausea, hearing loss, and balance issues.

Nose Infections

1. Sinusitis (Sinus Infection):

• Cause: Viral, bacterial, or fungal infection of the sinuses.
• Symptoms: Nasal congestion, facial pain/pressure, headache, and nasal discharge.

2. Rhinitis:

• Cause: Often viral (common cold), but can be bacterial or allergic.
• Symptoms: Runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, and itching.

Throat Infections

1. Pharyngitis (Sore Throat):

• Cause: Viral or bacterial infection (such as Streptococcus pyogenes).
• Symptoms: Throat pain, difficulty swallowing, red and swollen tonsils, and fever.

2. Tonsillitis:

• Cause: Viral or bacterial infection of the tonsils.
• Symptoms: Sore throat, swollen tonsils, fever, and difficulty swallowing.

3. Laryngitis:

• Cause: Viral infection, overuse of the voice, or irritants.
• Symptoms: Hoarseness, voice loss, sore throat, and dry cough.